Software supply chain attacks are on the rise, increasing a staggering 742% per year on average since 2019. Sometimes called “third party attacks,” these cyberattacks infiltrate third party or open source software libraries with malicious code, infecting vendors and components along the software supply chain.  These days, any given software artifact may depend on hundreds […]

Organizations seeking to integrate digital-first practices into their engineering processes often rapidly discover a common roadblock: critical dependencies on the individual expertise of specific employees embedded in legacy workflows. Discovering this issue has prompted some to ask what role might generative technologies play in supporting digital engineering transformation efforts: “Can they help us reduce reliance […]

For almost two decades, Galois had a strong culture of face-to-face, in-office work. We believed—and still believe—in the value of interpersonal relationships and in building solid connections with our clients, and our offices have always been a hub for this type of interaction. Indeed, our spaces are intentionally designed in a way that encourages collaboration, […]

In the world of cyber physical systems, the aim of Digital Engineering (DE) is to speed up the development process while simultaneously improving security, reliability, safety and performance. The core mechanism enabling this outcome is a refinement based design and implementation process whereby high-level requirements and reference architectures are refined into low-level requirements and system […]

We’ve all seen it—a couple on a date, politicians, friends, or colleagues talking right past each other, trapped in a moment of profound misunderstanding over the meaning of a single word. For me, that moment came when my partner, a New Yorker through and through, told me, a Midwesterner, to take “the next left” while […]

Systems engineering has come a long way since the 1960s. Defense and aerospace data management systems, which initially evolved under a centralized authority, must now adapt to highly distributed organizations with multiple authorities and open and modular development needs. Organizational management techniques have evolved to smooth logistics and collaboration between contributors, and data management and […]

The Greek philosopher Heraclitus once said, “change is the only constant in life.” Yet, all too often, it is change that we struggle with the most. In business and technology, as in life, there is comfort in doing things the way we have always done them. We hold onto strategies, processes, and approaches that are […]

Thus far in our ongoing series on artificial intelligence we’ve spoken in depth on questions of trust, human perception, and limitations of generative models. We have focused specifically on large language models (LLMs), due in part to their recent successes and media attention. We’ve explored questions of data, testing, and broad model implications. However, LLMs […]

Before diving in, I’d like to acknowledge our amazing partners in this research, DGTech and Transportation Research Center Inc., and share a quick disclaimer. This material is based upon work done in partnership with DGTech and Transportation Research Center Inc., and supported by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed […]

In my ongoing efforts to deeply engage with research into large language models, I have continually wrestled with and confronted a persistent sense of dissatisfaction. Unfortunately, the source of my dissatisfaction has also been frustratingly difficult to articulate and to pin down.  At times, I have wondered if I’m not dissatisfied but rather uneasy because […]